Author

Prys E.V., Mityukova Yu.A.

Title of article

Principles of criminalization and decriminalization of acts in the economic sphere (criminological and civil law aspects)

Section

Section 4. Criminology

Issue, year

2 (32) 2015

Abstract

The main directions of the Russian criminal legal policy are criminalization and decriminalization of acts defining the object of the influence of such policy. The principle of the sufficient social danger implies that an act causes significant harm to social interests. The principle of possibility to influence positively on socially dangerous behaviour through criminal legal means implies solving a problem related to efficient counteraction to an act. The principle of relative occurrence of criminalized act proves the necessity to register not isolated character of a socially dangerous act when establishing criminal liability. The principle of prevalence of positive consequences in the criminalization means that the harm, caused by using means of criminal legal influence for socially dangerous behaviour, should be lesser that the harm caused by this behaviour (which is very important for economic activity). The principle of the criminalization timeliness means implementing criminalization at the moment of occurring socially dangerous act which implies maleficence of delaying criminalization. The principle of irredundancy of criminal legal prohibition implies correspondence of punishment limits to the character and degree of socially dangerous act as well as excluding duplication of criminal corpus delicti. It is summarized that criminal law cannot directly regulate economic relations or interfere into them since it is the subject of other branches of law. It should protect effective economics through criminal legal means creating law and order stimulating economics itself, maintaining security and stability of property right which is impossible without observing rights and freedoms of a person.

Keywords

criminalization, decriminalization, criminalization principles, decriminalization principles, economic sphere.

References

1. Alekseev S.S. Pravo: azbuka – teoriya – filosofiya. Opyt kompleksnogo issledovaniya [Right: ABC – theory – philosophy. Experience of complex research]. Moscow, Statut Publ., 1999. 712 p.

2. Dagel’ P.S., Zlobin G.A., Kelina S.G. [i dr.]. Osnovaniya ugolovno-pravovogo zapreta: kriminalizatsiya i dekriminalizatsiya [Grounds criminal prohibitions: criminalization and decriminalization]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 712 p.

3. Odintseva Yu.A., Sergeeva A.A. Kriminalizatsiya deyaniy v sfere ekonomicheskoy deyatel’nosti: voprosy teorii i praktiki [Criminalization of the acts in the economic sphere: the theory and practice]. Vestnik Altayskoy akademii ekonomiki i prava – Herald of the Altai Academy of Economics and Law, 2011, edition 1 (19), pp. 169-173.

4. Lopashenko N.A. Osnovy ugolovno-pravovogo vozdeystviya: ugolovnoe pravo, ugolovnyy zakon, ugolovno-pravovaya politika [Fundamentals of criminal law: criminal right, criminal law, criminal policy]. St. Petersburg, Yuridicheskiy tsentr Press Publ., 2004. 339 p.

5. Kontseptsiya modernizatsii ugolovnogo zakonodatel’stva v ekonomicheskoy sfere: na osnovanii Porucheniya Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 28 noyab. 2009 g. N PR-3169 [The concept of modernization of criminal law in the economic sphere: on the basis of the Order of the President of the Russian Federation on Nov. 28. 2009 N 3169-Pr]. Available at: http://www.gosbook.ru/node/7889 (Accessed 1 March 2015).

6. Kladkov A.V. Realizatsiya printsipa spravedlivosti v ugolovnom prave [The implementation of the principle of fairness in the criminal law]. Pyat’ let deystviya UK RF: itogi i perspektivy [Five years of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: results and prospects]. Moscow, LeksEst Publ., 2003. Pp. 117-122.

7. Luneev V.V. Pravovoe regulirovanie obshchestvennykh otnosheniy – vazhnyy faktor preduprezhdeniya organizovannoy i korruptsionnoy prestupnosti [Legal regulation of social relations – an important factor in the prevention of organized crime and corruption]. Gosudarstvo i pravo – State and law, 2001, no. 5, pp. 106-112.